Choosing the wrong check valve can lead to more than just backflow; it can lead to pipe vibration, loud slamming noises, and even system failure. When comparing the spring check valve vs. swing check valve, the choice usually comes down to two factors: Pipe Orientation and Water Hammer Prevention.
1. How They Differ in Action
Swing Check Valve: Operates using a flapper that swings on a hinge. It opens with forward pressure and closes using gravity and the force of returning fluid. It is the traditional, cost-effective choice for large-volume flow.
Spring Check Valve: Uses a spring to actively push the disc back into the seat. Because the spring begins closing the valve as flow slows down (before it reverses), it prevents the “slamming” associated with backflow.
2. The Vertical Flow Challenge
One of the most common mistakes in piping design is installing a swing check valve in a vertical line.
In a vertical-up orientation, a swing check valve relies entirely on backflow to shut. This delay often results in a violent “Water Hammer” that can crack pipes.
A spring-loaded check valve is orientation-independent. Whether installed horizontally, vertically, or at an angle, the spring ensures a quick, positive shut-off every time.
3. Water Hammer and Noise Control
If your system is located near residential areas or sensitive equipment, the noise of a swing check valve can be a major issue.
Swing Check Valves are notorious for “valve slam.”
Spring Check Valves (often called Silent Check Valves) eliminate this noise by closing the disc before the fluid has a chance to reverse direction.
4. Pros and Cons at a Glance
Choose Swing Check Valve if: You have a horizontal line, handle wastewater with some solids, and need the lowest possible pressure drop.
Choose Spring Check Valve if: You have vertical piping, need silent operation, or want to protect sensitive pumps from water hammer.
Conclusion
While the swing check valve is a reliable workhorse for standard horizontal lines, the spring check valve offers superior protection and versatility for complex modern systems.
